It is the most prevalent constituent in THS 1, 2. Nicotine is a chemical in tobacco and causes addiction. In addition, their physiological characteristics such as lower capacity to metabolize the toxins and high toxins/body weight ratio potentially make them more sensitive to adverse health effects associated with THS exposure. Small children may gain more exposure than adults because their age-related behaviors bring them in close contact with surfaces and dust contaminated with THS toxins. Non-smokers can be exposed to THS through several routes including the involuntary inhalation, ingestion, and dermal uptake of indoor pollutants. Although secondhand smoke (SHS) dissipates in hours, THS is more persistent, ranging from days to months, even years, after smoking has ceased. THS is defined as residual tobacco smoke adsorbed onto indoor surfaces and in dust after active smoking has ceased, some of the adsorbed constituents can be re-emitted into the gas-phase and/or react with other environmental pollutants to form more hazardous compounds 1, 2. Thirdhand smoke (THS) has gained widespread attention in the last decade as a previously overlooked source of exposure to toxins in indoor smoking environments. This study provides strong evidence that THS exposure leads to strain-dependent changes in anxiety-like behavior and memory, suggesting that host genetic variations play a critical role in individual susceptibility to THS-induced effects. Both THS-exposed male and female CC019 mice displayed significant memory loss compared to controls while no significant changes were found in the other five strains. Memory potential was measured in the same cohort of mice using the passive avoidance assay. Such differences were driven by female mice for the six measures of anxiety-like behavior. THS exposure significantly decreased anxiety risk in CC019 ( P = 0.002) and CC051 ( P = 0.009), but increased anxiety risk in CC036 ( P < 0.001), while the other three strains did not show significant changes in anxiety-related traits. We developed an anxiety risk scoring system based on anxiety-related traits and then evaluated the THS impact on them. We first measured anxiety-like behavior in six strains using light/dark box combined with a custom multivariate mouse tracking system. Here we used the Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse population-based model to assess behavioral alterations immediately after THS exposure from 4 to 9 weeks of age. However, it is unclear how THS exposure affects behavior and how host genetic background modulates phenotypic changes. This course (like the foundation itself) is guided by the conviction that socially responsible leadership will always have a positive impact on the community around them.Īs 2021 continues its tumultuous and unexpected trajectory, these key conversations, revelations and experiences will form the building blocks on which these leaders will adapt, learn and thrive.Growing evidence indicates that thirdhand smoke (THS) exposure induces many adverse health effects. The programme’s primary purpose is to bring together established leaders from both ‘For Purpose’ and ‘For Profit’ organisations, in an effort to increase leadership capability, social impact and elevation of all participants. The Elevate Leadership Programme (which these leaders will be working through) covers eight weeks’ worth of experiences, conversations and sessions, spread out over the course of eight months. It’s not often that key business and community leaders’ step outside the intensity of their busy occupations to embark on a journey of professional development, self-reflection and conversation, but on April 7 a group of carefully chosen Waikato leaders committed to doing exactly that.įacilitated by CELF (Community and Enterprise Leadership Foundation), the 2021 cohort includes leaders from a broad range of industries and organisations, varying from construction to recycling and food production.
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